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Ebrāhim Pourdāvoud 〔Pourdāvoud and Poordāvoud are common alternative spellings. The literal translation of "Ebrāhim Pourdāvoud" is "Abraham Son-of-David".〕 (February 9, 1885 - November 17, 1968) (Persian: ابراهیم پورداوود), was born in Rasht, Iran, to a mother who was the daughter of a clergyman and a father who was a reputable merchant and landlord. He is one of the most formidable scholars of Iran during the 20th century. Pourdavoud translated Avesta into Persian in six volumes. He made in addition many other significant contributions to the Iranian studies. At 20 Pourdavoud moved to Tehran to study traditional medicine, but medicine proved not to be to his liking. In 1908, at the age of 23, he went to Beirut where he studied French literature for two and a half years. He then returned to Iran to visit his family but before long left for France. Here he published the periodical ''Iranshahr'' (the Land of Iran),〔See Sayyed Hasan Taqizadeh.〕 with the first issue appearing in April 1914 and the fourth and the last issue on the day the World War I erupted. During the War he established himself in Baghdad where he published the periodical ''Rastakhiz'' (Resurrection);〔See Mohammad-Ali Jamalzadeh.〕 in total 25 issues of this periodical were published, publication lasting until March 1916. He left Baghdad for Berlin where he stayed until 1924. His studies in Germany led him to Zoroastrian history and teachings. After his return to Iran, in 1924 Pourdavoud founded the School of Ancient Languages where he initiated extensive research work concerning ancient history and ancient Iranian languages, especially the Avestan language. In 1945 he founded the Iranology Society and very soon afterwards the School of Iranology. Pourdavoud’s many and varied contributions fall into the following categories: :- translation of Avesta, :- investigations into ancient Persian languages, especially the Avestan language, :- interpretation of the contents of Avesta, including elucidation of signs and symbols, as well as terms and expressions used herein, :- studies concerning peoples, animals, plants, and :- research into the history of Iran, giving especial attention to the weapons used by ancient Persians and the methods with which these were used. Pourdavoud was well-versed in Arabic, English, French, German, and Turkish, in addition to his mother tongue and ancient Persian languages. Pourdavoud was awarded Germany's highest academic honour by the German President Theodor Heuss in 1955. Soon hereafter he received the Rabindranath Tagore Medal, which is conferred in recognition of outstanding contributions to literature, from India. In 1965 he received from the representative of Pope Paul VI in Tehran the order of Chevalier Saint Sylvester Pope (''Knight of Saint Sylvester Pope''). He was married to a woman of German origin; they had one daughter named ''Pourandokht''. In the morning of November 17, 1968, his family found him dead behind his desk in his study at home. ==Notes== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ebrahim Pourdavoud」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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